Showing posts with label Reproductive health. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Reproductive health. Show all posts

Friday, October 14, 2011

The Pill Alters How Women Select A Partner

Women who chose their partner while on the contraceptive pill tend to be satisfied with their stable relationship, but less so regarding sexual satisfaction, compared to those who chose their men while not on the pill, researchers reported in Proceedings of the Royal Society B. The researchers added that the ones who were on oral contraceptives (OC) when choosing their mate had relationships that lasted on average two years longer than the other women's.

Dr. Craig Roberts, of Stirling University, Scotland, said:
"Our results show some positive and negative consequences of using the pill when a woman meets her partner. Such women may, on average, be less satisfied with the sexual aspects of their relationship, but more so with non-sexual aspects.

Overall, women who met their partner on the pill had longer relationships - by two years on average - and were less likely to separate. So there is both good news and bad news for women who meet while on the pill. One effect seems to compensate for the other."


At the moment of forming a partnership, 1,514 females were on no type of hormonal contraception, while 1,005 used combined oral contraceptives. Those on other forms of hormonal contraception, such as progestogen-only pill, implants and injection were excluded from the study.

Of the 2,519 remaining volunteers, 1,761 were still together with their first child's biological father. Of the 758 who were no longer with the biological father, 734 had separated or formally divorced (both termed in this study as separated), the remaining 24 whose partners had died were excluded from the study.

The women's average age was 37.7 years. 1,200 of them were from the USA, 999 from the Czech Republic, 159 from the UK, 98 from Canada, and 43 from other countries.

Of the 1,761 women whose relationships were ongoing, the researchers detected some considerable differences between those who had been using OC (oral contraceptives) and those who had not when they met their partner.

Those on OC when choosing their partner had a lower score on sexual arousal compared to the other women. The same was found when asked about their sexual attraction to their partner, and his sexual adventurousness.

The authors also found that those on OC when choosing their partner tended to have improved sexual satisfaction with time.

However, those who had been on the pill when selecting their partner scored better on other (nonsexual) aspects of their relationship, such as financial provision, or the partner being a good father.

20040804 Milwaukee Dads Packer Practice 31 Small Web viewThe OC women scored better on nonsexual aspects of their relationship, such as the partner being a good father

The authors wrote:
"Although the results of this initial analysis are consistent with predictions generated by a body of laboratory studies (reviewed above) that suggest that OC use might alter mate preferences, it is possible that some or all of these effects could alternatively arise as a result of between-group differences that are unrelated to mate choice and any disruptive effects of OC.

For example, a lower sexual satisfaction score among the OC women might be because of differences in attitudes towards uncommitted, short-term relationships.

In a previous study, Dr. Roberts had found that women's preference for men's body odor changed when they were on the pill. Women on the pill were found to prefer men who were genetically similar, while those not on the pill preferred the smell of genetically different males. At the time the researchers suggested that perhaps when on the pill women would choose different men than they would normally choose.

Dr. Roberts wrote:
"Women tend to find genetically dissimilar men attractive because resulting babies will more likely be healthy. It's part of the subconscious 'chemistry' of attraction between men and women.

Similarly, women's preferences subconsciously change over time so that during non-fertile stages of the menstrual cycle they are more attracted to men who appear more caring and reliable - good dads.

The hormonal levels of women using the pill don't alter much across a month and most closely reflect those typical of the non-fertile phases of the menstrual cycle. It seems that our preferences are shaped by these hormonal levels, so preferences of women on the pill don't change around ovulation in the way seen in normally-cycling women.

(conclusion) Choosing a non-hormonal barrier method of contraception for a few months before getting married might be one way for a woman to check or reassure herself that she's still attracted to her partner. "

Written by Christian Nordqvist

Monday, September 26, 2011

Increased Responsibility Could Lead To Decreased Sexual Activity Among Women


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In Sub-Saharan Africa, women who are empowered to make household decisions tend to have sex less often. This is according to a study conducted by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. They examined the relationships between married women's autonomy and the time since most recent sexual intercourse and found that women's position in their household may influence sexual activity. The full article will be published in the October issue of the Journal of Sex Research and is currently featured online as an "editor's choice."
"A very consistent pattern was observed across all six countries we surveyed as the number of decisions in which a women had the final say increased, the mean and median time since most recent sex also increased by three- to 100-fold," said Michelle Hindin, PhD, MHS, lead author of the study and an associate professor at the Bloomberg School's Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health. "The more decisions a woman reported making on her own, as compared to joint decision making, the less likely she was to have sex and the longer it was since she last had sexual intercourse."
Researchers analyzed nationally representative data from the Demographic and Health Surveys in Ghana, Malawi, Mali, Rwanda, Uganda, and Zimbabwe that asked survey participants to indicate the day, week, month and year they last had sexual intercourse. Survey participants were also asked to indicate the person in the household who typically had the final say on the following decisions: respondent's health care, large household purchases, household purchases for daily needs and the respondent visiting family and friends. Researchers also examined socio-demographic and relationship factors such as age, wealth, parity, husband's residence, and marital duration and found that most standard socio-demographic variables were not consistently associated with the timing of most recent sexual intercourse.
The majority of women participating in the survey reported sexual intercourse within the last month. Patterns of decision-making power varied by country, with husbands having the final say on more decisions in Malawi and Mali more than in other countries. Ghanaian and Rwandan women reported having the final say in more decisions than women in the other countries, whereas Zimbabwean women reported the most joint decision making. For men, making autonomous decisions was not related to the timing of most recent sex.
"Understanding how women's position in the household influences their sexual activity may be an essential piece in protecting the sexual rights of women and helping them to achieve a sexual life that is both safe and pleasurable," said Carie Muntifering, co-author of the study and student at the Bloomberg School. "The findings from this analysis contribute to our understanding of the frequency of sexual activity in sub-Saharan Africa and its relationship to household decision making. Additional studies are needed to further explore the strong association between women's decision-making power and recent sexual activity that was found in our analyses."

Do Women's Voices Really Allow Men To Detect Ovulation?

The voice can reveal a lot about a person - their sex, their age, how they are feeling - and recent studies have even suggested that women's voices might also contain cues that men can read about how close they are to ovulation. A new study, however, published in the journal PLoS ONE, challenges the view that women broadcast reproductive information in their voice.
Previous studies in this area have typically relied on the comparison of voices recorded in just two phases in the cycle: high conception risk vs. low conception risk. This new work, on the other hand, looked at variation in the voice throughout the entire menstrual cycle - a crucial step to evaluate the potential information contained in any observed voice changes.
Their results showed that the overall variation in women's vocal quality throughout the whole cycle precludes unequivocal identification of the period with the highest conception risk. Specifically, while they found that the women studied spoke with the highest tone (suggested by previous studies to be associated with attractiveness) just prior to ovulation, the tone rose again to levels indistinguishable from pre-ovulation shortly after ovulation, making it a very poor mating clue. Furthermore, they found that the men studied showed only a very slight preference for pre-ovulation voices relative to voices recorded during ovulation.
The authors conclude that women's voices do not provide reliable information about the timing of ovulation, confirming the view that information about reproductive state is 'leaked' rather than broadcast. In an interesting further finding, the study found that women's voice were harsher and more irregular during menstruation, providing scientific data to explain why female opera singers may be granted 'grace days' during menstruation.
Funding: The authors have no support or funding to report.

Friday, September 23, 2011

Do Women's Voices Really Allow Men To Detect Ovulation?


The voice can reveal a lot about a person - their sex, their age, how they are feeling - and recent studies have even suggested that women's voices might also contain cues that men can read about how close they are to ovulation. A new study, however, published in the journal PLoS ONE, challenges the view that women broadcast reproductive information in their voice.
Previous studies in this area have typically relied on the comparison of voices recorded in just two phases in the cycle: high conception risk vs. low conception risk. This new work, on the other hand, looked at variation in the voice throughout the entire menstrual cycle - a crucial step to evaluate the potential information contained in any observed voice changes.
Their results showed that the overall variation in women's vocal quality throughout the whole cycle precludes unequivocal identification of the period with the highest conception risk. Specifically, while they found that the women studied spoke with the highest tone (suggested by previous studies to be associated with attractiveness) just prior to ovulation, the tone rose again to levels indistinguishable from pre-ovulation shortly after ovulation, making it a very poor mating clue. Furthermore, they found that the men studied showed only a very slight preference for pre-ovulation voices relative to voices recorded during ovulation.
The authors conclude that women's voices do not provide reliable information about the timing of ovulation, confirming the view that information about reproductive state is 'leaked' rather than broadcast. In an interesting further finding, the study found that women's voice were harsher and more irregular during menstruation, providing scientific data to explain why female opera singers may be granted 'grace days' during menstruation.
Funding: The authors have no support or funding to report.


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Thursday, September 22, 2011

Increased Responsibility Could Lead To Decreased Sexual Activity Among Women


- insurance consultation for the ex-pat community in English ! -
- Learn about clinical trials for metastatic breast cancer -

- International Business Erfolg im General Management -

In Sub-Saharan Africa, women who are empowered to make household decisions tend to have sex less often. This is according to a study conducted by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. They examined the relationships between married women's autonomy and the time since most recent sexual intercourse and found that women's position in their household may influence sexual activity. The full article will be published in the October issue of the Journal of Sex Research and is currently featured online as an "editor's choice."
"A very consistent pattern was observed across all six countries we surveyed as the number of decisions in which a women had the final say increased, the mean and median time since most recent sex also increased by three- to 100-fold," said Michelle Hindin, PhD, MHS, lead author of the study and an associate professor at the Bloomberg School's Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health. "The more decisions a woman reported making on her own, as compared to joint decision making, the less likely she was to have sex and the longer it was since she last had sexual intercourse."
Researchers analyzed nationally representative data from the Demographic and Health Surveys in Ghana, Malawi, Mali, Rwanda, Uganda, and Zimbabwe that asked survey participants to indicate the day, week, month and year they last had sexual intercourse. Survey participants were also asked to indicate the person in the household who typically had the final say on the following decisions: respondent's health care, large household purchases, household purchases for daily needs and the respondent visiting family and friends. Researchers also examined socio-demographic and relationship factors such as age, wealth, parity, husband's residence, and marital duration and found that most standard socio-demographic variables were not consistently associated with the timing of most recent sexual intercourse.
The majority of women participating in the survey reported sexual intercourse within the last month. Patterns of decision-making power varied by country, with husbands having the final say on more decisions in Malawi and Mali more than in other countries. Ghanaian and Rwandan women reported having the final say in more decisions than women in the other countries, whereas Zimbabwean women reported the most joint decision making. For men, making autonomous decisions was not related to the timing of most recent sex.
"Understanding how women's position in the household influences their sexual activity may be an essential piece in protecting the sexual rights of women and helping them to achieve a sexual life that is both safe and pleasurable," said Carie Muntifering, co-author of the study and student at the Bloomberg School. "The findings from this analysis contribute to our understanding of the frequency of sexual activity in sub-Saharan Africa and its relationship to household decision making. Additional studies are needed to further explore the strong association between women's decision-making power and recent sexual activity that was found in our analyses."

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Friday, September 16, 2011

Older Women Lack Important Information About Sexual Health







Many women over 50 years old date and are sexually active and thereby face many possible health risks. Yet, most educational campaigns designed to prevent sexually transmitted diseases target younger generations. Older women also need and want more information about sexual health and wellness. A study in the new special issue of the Journal of Consumer Affairs on older consumers found a critical need for improving communication between older women and their physicians about sexual health and for providing these women with tools on how to negotiate with partners about safe sex practices.


Dr. Cynthia Morton and her colleagues at the University of Florida examined women's knowledge about sexual health and their concerns about safe sex practices as they continue to pursue active sex lives into their senior years. Women aged 50 years and older participated in focus group discussions to talk about the challenges in finding male partners, negotiating condom use, and seeking credible information sources to help them make the best decisions about sexual health.


Results of the study revealed that older women are aware of the risks for sexually transmitted diseases yet are uncomfortable about seeking sexual health information from their regular physicians who may erroneously believe that they already possess the knowledge. Although older women know the importance of condoms in preventing sexually transmitted diseases, they may avoid negotiating condom use with their partners in an effort to avoid conflict or rejection. Senior-aged women are receptive to strategies that give them tools for negotiating with partners and for communicating with their physicians, but there are limited resources directed to their age group.


"The findings generated from our research offer a rich foundation for better understanding the motivations and concerns that influence senior-aged women's attitudes about dating at their present stage of life," said Morton.
According to the authors, efforts are needed to help older women gain confidence to talk with primary care physicians about sexual health and to make those physicians aware of their need. The authors also call for social marketing campaigns that aim to educate older women about their sexual health risks and encourage them to take greater ownership in the negotiation of safe sex practices with their partners.
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